•The intuitive meaning that the Glial Mass is a CAS is that it is  somewhat like a swarm having very flexible dynamics

•Essential to the dynamics of a CAS is that the elements of the CAS have the ability to function independently of one another

•Also essential is that each member of the CAS must be able to communicate with its neighbors

•The neighbors of an element act like a small world network (SWN)

•Each SWN has the ability to communicate to other SWNs

•The CAS as an entity has the ability to attenuate and modulate the neural mass

•MA’s are created by SWN’s of glia cells consisting of both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes through attenuation and modulation (A&M) of neural transmission strength rather than physical modification of neurons or mitosis of neurons

•MA’s consists of the simplest possible units of neurons that can act as a unit and perform simple units of action

•MA’s do not perform end-use functions

•MA’s are used in groups to perform complex functions

•The Glial SWN’s (GSWN,s) constantly test MA”s to determine if excess neurons are being employed to assure that the most efficient use of neurons is maintained

•The order in which the glia contribute to the development of MA’s through attenuation and modulation of synaptic strengths is unimportant

•The lack of dependence on attenuation and modulation (A&M) order is an essential feature to facilitate rapid skill development

•The lack of order of A&M is reflected in the EEG through the fact that two separate EEG’s of the same subject are entirely different as time series but are morphologically the same

•GSWN’s form MA’s during the learning process

•GSWN’s manage the sequencing of MA’s to the extent necessary to adapt their use to new environments

•Preafference and corollary discharge are dynamics needed to guide the GSWN’s to form new MA’s during the learning process

•Emotions from the limbic system are a guiding force in the activation of the GSWN’s

•Meaning and relevance emanate as signals from the limbic system and these signals interact with GSWN’s to initiate the process of intentional action

•For a new assembly to be formed and incorporated into action or thought, it must be consistent with the stable assemblies to which it is associated.

•Stability is managed by the glia and is the analog of an equilibrium principle in physics.

•A metaphor for glial equilibrium is "self organization".

•The glial mass within the brain operates on the principle of efficiency in the management of neurons in that it constantly seeks to make use of neurons in diverse ways and to use only the fewest neurons to perform a task.

•Hence, within the brain there is a constant competition for neuronal pathways to be used by the glial mass to form mesoscopic assemblies

•Unused pathways may be reallocate to more immediate needs

•MA's are formed through a series of successive approximations that is reflected in the processes of experimentation and exploration driven by the glia.

•The process of successive approximations utilize preafference and corollary discharge to manage convergence to a refined action sequence.

•Perfect action sequences are never achieved

•MA’s oscillate around a mean state rather than converge to a “perfect” state

•As samples of data increase, the variance around the means state decreases

•The GSWN’s are constantly experimenting to improve the mean state of and action.

•Chaotic dynamics are a fundamental dynamical mechanisms of the glial mass in forming new knowledge and is reflected in

• (1) the natural activity of experimentation and exploration driven by the "pseudo random" feature of chaos;

•(2) the ability to form a rapid first approximation to an action driven by exponentially sensitive dependence on initial conditions and parameters;

•(3) the ability to achieve an action goal through diverse pathways driven by the uniform morphology of chaotic dynamics.